how to initialize a vector in c++ ?

In initialize vector c++, A vector is a dynamic array class executed in the default C++ library. It vector ​class has the capacity to dynamically expand with reduce. The component are placed in a adjacent rage therefor that they can be traversed by iterators.

The very first step imp in using vectors is to know how to declare as well as initialize them; there are 5+ several ways of initializing a vector in C++ Examples:

initialize vector c++

Also You can learn std::vector in C++, What is std::vector?, Declaration of std::vector, Initialization of std::vector, Length of std::vector, Passing std::vector to function, Multidimensional std::vector, Passing a multidimensional std::vector to a function or many more Member Functions.

There are the following the Initialize a define vector in C++ as shown below:(5 several ways)
Initialization vector can be done in several ways with examples of vectors

• Initializing by pushing values one by one
• Specifying size and initializing all values
• Initializing like arrays
• Initializing from an array
• Initializing from another vector

vector c++ & c++ vector initialization

Creating a vector object without any types of the initialization will make an empty vector with no any elements example like.

std::vector<int> vecOfInts;

Initializing by pushing values one by one :

// c++ Example to make an empty vector 
// with push values step by step. 
#include <bits/stdc++.h> 
using namespace std; 

int main() 
{ 
	// Make an empty vector 
	vector<int> myvct; 
	
	myvct.push_back(40); 
	myvct.push_back(50); 
	myvct.push_back(60); 

	for (int x : myvct) 
		cout << x << " "; 

	return 0; 
} 

Specifying size and initializing all values :

// c++ Example to make an empty vector 
// with push values step by step. 
#include <bits/stdc++.h> 
using namespace std; 

int main() 
{ 
	int n = 3; 

	// Create a vector of size n with 
	// all values as 40. 
	vector<int> myvct(n, 40); 

	for (int x : myvct) 
		cout << x << " "; 

	return 0; 
} 

Initializing like arrays :

// c++ Example to initialize a vector like 
// an array. 
#include <bits/stdc++.h> 
using namespace std; 

int main() 
{ 
	vector<int> myvct{ 40, 50, 60 }; 

	for (int x : myvct) 
		cout << x << " "; 

	return 0; 
} 

Initializing from an array :

// c++ Example to initialize a vector from 
// an array. 
#include <bits/stdc++.h> 
using namespace std; 

int main() 
{ 
	int arr[] = { 40, 50, 60 }; 
	int n = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]); 

	vector<int> myvct(arr, arr + n); 

	for (int x : myvct) 
		cout << x << " "; 

	return 0; 
} 

Initializing from another vector :

// c++ Example to initialize a vector from 
// second vector. 
#include <bits/stdc++.h> 
using namespace std; 

int main() 
{ 
	vector<int> myvct1{ 40, 50, 60 }; 

	vector<int> myvct2(myvct1.begin(), myvct1.end()); 

	for (int x : myvct2) 
		cout << x << " "; 

	return 0; 
} 

std::vector in C++

Length of std::vector

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

int main()
{
    std::vector<int> ages = {41, 98, 27, 14, 58};
    ages = {45, 35, 15};
    std::cout << "length of array : " << ages.size() << std::endl;
    return 0;
}

Passing std::vector to function

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

void printVector(const std::vector<int> &n)
{

    for (int j = 0; j < n.size(); j++ )
    {
        cout << "n[" << j << "] = " << n[j] << endl;
    }

}

int main()
{

    vector<int> n = {1,2,3,4,5};

    printVector(n);

    return 0;
}

Member Functions

There are the following the Member Functions several ways Like as front, back, empty, resize, max_size, assign, push_back, pop_back, capacity, reserve, insert, erase, clear, c++ push_back, vector push_back, push_back c++ and swap.

at

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    vector<int> ages = {41, 98, 27, 14, 58};
    ages.at(2) = 72;
    for(int i = 0; i < ages.size() ; i++)
    {
        cout << "ages[" << i << "] = " << ages.at(i) << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

front

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    vector<int> ages = {41, 98, 27, 14, 58};
    cout << ages.front() << endl;
    return 0;
}

back

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    vector<int> ages = {41, 98, 27, 14, 58};
    cout << ages.back() << endl;
    return 0;
}

empty

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    vector<int> myvct1 = {5, 6};
    vector<int> myvct2;
    cout << myvct1.empty() << endl;
    cout << myvct2.empty() << endl;
    return 0;
}

resize

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    vector<int> myvct1 = {5, 6};
    myvct1.resize(5);
    for(int i = 0; i < myvct1.size() ; i++)
    {
        cout << myvct1[i] << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

max_size

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    vector<int> myvct1 = {11, 12, 13, 14, 15};
    cout << myvct1.size() << endl;
    cout << myvct1.max_size() << endl;
    return 0;
}

assign

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    vector<int> myvct;
    myvct.assign(7, 40);  // 7 elements each of value 40
    cout << myvct.size() << endl;
    return 0;
}

push_back

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    vector<int> myvct = {14, 15, 16, 17, 18};
    myvct.push_back(47);

    //printing values of myvct
    cout << "elements of myvct" << endl;
    for(int i = 0; i < myvct.size(); i++)
    {
        cout << myvct[i] << endl;
    }

    return 0;
}

pop_back

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    vector<int> myvct = {14, 15, 16, 17, 18};
    myvct.pop_back();

    //printing values of myvct
    cout << "elements of myvct" << endl;
    for(int i = 0; i < myvct.size(); i++)
    {
        cout << myvct[i] << endl;
    }

    return 0;
}

capacity

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    vector<int> myvct1;
    for(int i = 0; i < 50; i++)
    {
        myvct1.push_back(1);
    }
    cout << "size : " << myvct1.size() << endl;
    cout << "max_size : " << myvct1.max_size() << endl;
    cout << "capacity : " << myvct1.capacity() << endl;
    return 0;
}

reserve

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    vector<int> myvct1;
    for(int i = 0; i < 50; i++)
    {
        myvct1.push_back(1);
    }
    myvct1.reserve(100);
    cout << "capacity : " << myvct1.capacity() << endl;
    return 0;
}

insert

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <iterator>

using namespace std;

void printVector(const std::vector<int> &n)
{

    cout << "Vector is :" << endl;

    for (auto i: n)
    {
        std::cout << ' ' << i;
    }
    std::cout << '\n';

}

int main()
{
    vector<int> myvct = {111,222};
    printVector(myvct);

    auto it = myvct.begin();

    myvct.insert(it,000);
    printVector(myvct);

    it = myvct.begin();
    myvct.insert(it,3,333);
    printVector(myvct);

    vector<int> myvct1 = {555,555};

    it = myvct.begin();
    myvct.insert(it+4, myvct1.begin(), myvct1.end());
    printVector(myvct);

    return 0;
}

erase

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <iterator>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    vector<int> myvct1 = {14, 15, 16, 17, 18};
    vector<int> myvct2 = {11, 12, 13, 14, 15};

    myvct1.erase(myvct1.begin()+4);  // removing a single element at position 4
    myvct2.erase(myvct2.begin()+1, myvct2.begin()+3);   // removing range of elements from position 1 till 2

    //printing the values of myvct1
    cout << "Values of myvct1" << endl;
    for(int i = 0; i < myvct1.size(); i++)
    {
        cout << myvct1[i] << endl;
    }

    //printing the values of myvct2
    cout << "Values of myvct2" << endl;
    for(int i = 0; i < myvct2.size(); i++)
    {
        cout << myvct2[i] << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

clear

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    vector<int> myvct1 = {14, 15, 16, 17, 18};

    myvct1.clear();

    for (auto i: myvct1)
    {
        std::cout << i << endl;
    }

    return 0;
}

swap

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    vector<int> myvct1 = {1, 2, 3};

    vector<int> myvct2 = {4, 5, 6};

    myvct1.swap(myvct2);

    std::cout << "Vector myvct1" << endl;
    for (auto i: myvct1)
    {
        std::cout << i << endl;
    }

    std::cout << "Vector myvct2" << endl;
    for (auto i: myvct2)
    {
        std::cout << i << endl;
    }

    return 0;
}

Multidimensional std::vector

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    vector<vector<int>>  v {{{1,2,3},{4,5,6},{7,8,9}}};
    for(int i=0; i<3; i++)
    {
        for(int j=0; j<3; j++)
        {
            cout << v[i][j] << "\t";
        }
        cout << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

Passing a multidimensional std::vector to a function

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

void display(const std::vector<std::vector<int>> &v)
{
    for(int i=0; i<v.size(); i++)
    {
        for(int j = 0; j<v[i].size(); j++)
        {
            cout << v[i][j] << "\t";
        }
        cout << endl;
    }
}

int main()
{
    vector<vector<int>>  v {{{1,2,3},{4,5,6},{7,8,9}}};
    display(v);
    return 0;
}

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